Syllabus En301

English 301 Professional Writing & Communication SUNY Canton Spring 2013 Instructor: Eunjyu Yu, PhDOffice: FOB 520| Email: [email  protected] eduPhone: 315-386-7681| Welcome! Professional Writing & Communication is focused on preparing you to enter any workplace and assess communication expectations: Who is my audience for this document or presentation? What is my purpose? How can I best convince this audience to follow my instructions or learn this concept or respond positively? We’ll focus on the wide range of audiences, genres, and contexts that professionals commonly encounter, including the ethical issues that writers need to consider.To help you develop the skills and strategies you need to create successful communication, this course relies on strong interaction among class members. Each assignment builds toward the next: to be successful, you need to stay actively involved in the class, ask questions, and submit assignments on time. I recommend logging on daily Monda y through Saturday to stay on top of your course work. Course Description Professional communication is specialized writing and communication that helps students respond to the challenges of a technical world.In this course, students, as professionals, will analyze needs and concerns for specific workplace situations, organize effective solutions, and prepare and produce the needed memos, reports, presentations, web-sites and/or other items, which will then be assessed and evaluated by other students acting as intended users. Students will create, design, and package these documents, selecting appropriate communication technology to accomplish the task, and will then display the technical data in writing and visually, as well as present such information orally when applicable.Students should be familiar with desktop publishing and electronic presentations. Course Goals By the end of this course, students will be able to: | Course Objective| Institutional SLO| a. | identify what form s and formats of technical professional writing and communication are traditionally used on the job, choose an appropriate style for communicating specific information, analyze audience needs and interests and then present the information in written or oral form| 1. Communication2. Crit. Thinking4. Inter-Intrapersonal| b. develop and establish their credibility as authors by writing directions, memos, e-mails, reports, manuals, and other workplace oriented material, either individually or as part of a collaborative team, as well as evaluate the ethical implications of their own and others’ work| 1. Communication2. Crit. Thinking3. Prof. Competence4. Inter-Intrapersonal| c. | research specific workplace situations/problems that require a written or oral response or solution using traditional (library, surveys, interviews, etc. ) and/or innovative research methodology as necessary| 1. Communication2.Crit. Thinking3. Prof. Competence| d. | design and develop written items that h ave a clear-cut purpose and will be proficient in delivering such information in the appropriate form| 1. Communication2. Crit. Thinking4. Inter-Intrapersonal | At the top of the Assignment Sheet for each unit, I will review the goals specific to that unit and explain how activities will help you reach those goals. Textbook (Required) Kolin, P. (2012). Successful Writing at Work (Concise Third Edition). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. (The e-book is available for purchase or rent at http://www. engagebrain. com/shop/isbn/9780495901945) Course Expectations This syllabus represents my contract with you for this semester. You will also receive handouts detailing individual writing assignments. You are responsible for reading and understanding all of these documents and for asking questions in a timely manner. Below are some general guidelines for successfully navigating this course. For more information on learning in an online environment, see the folder Your Course Orientation. Al l students are required to adhere to the standards outlined in SUNY Canton’s Student Handbook.Minimum Technology Requirements * Access to a working computer with Windows 2000, XP, or Vista or Mac OS X (10. 3 or higher). The computer should have a minimum 256 MB of RAM and 1GB free hard disk space. * Connection to the Internet (broadband connection such as RoadRunner or DSL is preferred; dial-up users should consult Online Learning Center). * SUNY Canton email address and access to ANGEL (the course management system). * Methods for backing up your work, such as a flash drive. Back-up Plans * Problems happen: prepare now for unexpected snafus and emergencies. Locate another computer (such as a friend or the local public library) you could use to submit your assignments in case your computer crashes or your internet service is interrupted. * Back up all work regularly, using a USB flash drive or other appropriate system. * Keep your virus protection software up to date and use it. Delivery of Assignments * All work should be submitted via ANGEL. Refer to the detailed Assignment Sheet for each unit; instructions for format and delivery are clearly spelled out. * Assignments sent via email will receive a zero. Formal documents must be in MS Word or appropriate compatible format (look for a . doc, . docx, or . rtf extension on the file). Unless otherwise noted, label your work: Yourlastname_AssignmentName. docx Contacting the Professor * Please contact me with any questions or concerns using ANGEL email (click on the â€Å"Communicate† tab). You can expect a response within 48 hours Monday through Thursday. Questions left in an assignment Drop Box or on a Discussion Board may not be noticed in a timely manner. * All email sent for this class must be professional in tone and preparation.Be sure to include an appropriate subject line with the course name (ENGL301). Demonstrate respect for my time and your own ideas by expressing your questions or concer ns in detailed, complete sentences using correct capitalization and punctuation. (See the handout on Netiquette at COURSE DOCUMENTS>SYLLABUS>FAQs for more precise information and examples. ) Demonstrating Respect Online * This class is about communication in professional environments. You are therefore expected to conduct yourself in a professional manner. Treat this like a new workplace where you don’t know anyone—the kind where people don’t wear jeans. In other words, ANGEL isn’t Facebook! ) * Making ourselves understood can be challenging in the best of circumstances. In online environments—from IMs between friends to formal business email—we must be doubly conscious of clarity and tone. (Read the handout on Netiquette at COURSE DOCUMENTS>SYLLABUS>FAQs. ) Attendance and Participation * Class participation is essential to online learning. You are expected to log on daily Monday through Saturday when classes are in session to check for mess ages and submit assignments. Follow the calendar provided below as well as the detailed Assignment Sheets provided. ADA, Family Emergencies, and Other Considerations As in the workplace, it is the responsibility of the student to advise the instructor of any concerns that may impact participation. If you are unfamiliar with course or college procedures, have a documented disability, or are experiencing a family emergency, contact me right away so that we can work out a fair and mutually agreeable solution. Campus Resources The Writing Center The Writing Center isn’t just for standard academic essays.Tutors are available to work with you on all kinds of documents. Located on the second floor of Southworth Library, the Writing Center is available throughout the school year to assist at any stage of the process, from making sense of an assignment to final editing. On campus, call the Writing Center at 386-7308 or drop by to learn more. Online students may access the Writing Cent er via email: [email  protected] edu. Online Learning SUNY Canton’s Online Learning experts are available to help you with the logistics of taking an online course. Check them out at http://www. anton. edu/ol/current. html. If you need technical assistance with ANGEL, go to http://sin. suny. edu/sin_helpdesk. htm. Career Services Don’t wait until you’ve finished your degree to learn about the amazing resources at Career Services! From exploring career options to crafting a resume, they’re the experts: http://www. canton. edu/career_services/. Southworth Library The library is an excellent place to begin your research, with databases and ebooks as well as 24/7 help from reference librarians: http://www. canton. edu/library/. Evaluation and GradingEvaluation criteria for individual assignments will be included on the handout for each unit. Generally speaking, â€Å"A† work begins by fulfilling the basic requirements of an assignment, but also demon strates superior understanding, careful preparation, and creativity. An awareness of audience and purpose is essential for producing quality work. Please note: drafts indicated on the Calendar and Assignment Sheets are required; final work will not be accepted for grading unless drafts are completed on time. Your semester grade will be based on the scale below.Should you have questions about your grade on any assignment, at any point in the semester, please contact me promptly so that we can discuss your concerns. A| Above 90%| B+| 85-89. 9%| C+| 75-79. 9%| D| 60-69. 9%| | | B| 80-84. 9%| C| 70-74. 9%| F| Below 59. 9%| Deadlines and Late Work: Your successful completion of this course depends upon your completing assigned work on schedule. Please consult the Calendar and Assignment Sheets for specific due dates; unless otherwise indicated, work due on a specific date must be properly posted by midnight on that day.Late work will not be accepted unless you can provide a legitimate, d ocumented excuse. If a problem arises that may prevent you from submitting your work on time, contact me right away. Feedback and Revision: I encourage you to seek out additional feedback from me, the Writing Center (see below), or colleagues. Please note: drafts indicated on the Calendar and Assignment Sheets are required; final work will not be accepted for grading unless drafts are completed on time. Rewrites and Extra Credit: There will be no opportunities for rewrites or extra credit.Plagiarism: While this course, with its emphasis on working collaboratively, may challenge traditional ideas about plagiarism, integrity and honesty are just as important in the workplace as in the classroom. Failure to cite sources (including colleagues or information found online) is a serious ethical breach, intentional or not. Work you submit for this course must have been written by you for this course during this semester. If you have any questions or want to coordinate writing for this class with a project you are completing for another professor, please talk to me in advance.Overview of Assignments Below is a brief overview of the assignments you will be expected to complete over the course of the semester. Please refer to the complete Assignment Sheet for each unit (see COURSE DOCUMENTS) and the Calendar below for further details and email me with any questions. Unit I: Communicating with Potential Employers This unit will focus on developing and refining strategies for successfully communicating with organizations you hope will hire you. In addition to quizzes and Discussion Forum posts, you will complete a questionnaire analyzing a job ad, resume, and cover letter.Unit II: Communicating Across Organizations In this unit, you will form teams of three to four members. Each team will be responsible for researching a current issue and communicating that information to two distinct audiences. Each team must produce a series of working documents, including a contract out lining how the team plans to work together and guidelines for resolving possible conflicts. Formal documents will include memos, an informative brochure, and a short report. Course CalendarNote: Please be aware of all relevant deadlines. Assignments must be posted by midnight on the day they’re due. For example, your first Discussion Forum post needs to be submitted by midnight on Sunday. MODULE| ASSIGNMENTS DUE| NOTES| Module 1Week of 1/21| * Read Syllabus, Netiquette, Discussion Forum Guidelines and the Unit I Assignment Sheet by Sunday 1/27 * Discussion Forum 1 (DF1) due Sunday 1/27 * Quiz 1 available until Sunday 1/27 midnight| | Module 2Week of 1/28| * Read Chapters 1 & 5 plus pp. 76-381 in Successful Writing at Work (SWW) by Wednesday 1/30 * DF2 Initial Post due Wednesday 1/30 * DF2 Reply due Thursday 1/31 * Job Ad Questionnaire due Sunday 2/3 (I will grade by 2/10) * Quiz 2 available until Sunday 2/3| | Module 3Week of 2/4| * Read SWW Ch 2 & pp. 381-394; also â€Å"Mi xing and Managing Four Generations† (on ANGEL) by Wed 2/6 * DF3 Initial Post due Wed 2/6 * DF3 Reply due Thursday 2/7 * Quiz 3 by Sunday 2/10| | Module 4 Week of 2/11| * Read SWW Ch 3 & Ch 4 * Resume draft due Sunday 2/17 (expect feedback by 2/24) * Quiz 4 by Sunday 2/17| | Module 5 Week of 2/18| * Read SWW Ch 6 &Ch 10 * Cover Letter draft due Sunday 2/24 (expect feedback by 3/4) * Quiz 5 by Sunday 2/24| | Module 6Week of 2/25| * No class. Winter break (2/23-3/3)| | Module 7Week of 3/4| * Final Resume & Cover Letter due Sunday 3/10| | Module 8Week of 3/11| * Read SWW Ch 7; â€Å"Everyday Writing† (on ANGEL) * Quiz 6 by Sunday 3/17| 3/13-16 CCCC| Module 9 Week of 3/18| * Read SWW Ch 8 & Ch 9 and Unit II Assignment Sheet * Finalize Groups for Unit II by Sunday 3/24—see Discussion Forum! Midterm grades on 3/19| Module 10 Week of 2/25| * Group Contract due Sunday 3/31| | Module 11 Week of 4/1| * Group Proposal due Sunday 4/7| | Module 12Week of 4/8| * No class. Sprin g break (4/6-4/14)| | Module 13Week of 4/15| * Draft of Report due Wed 4/17; expect feedback by 4/24| | Module 14Week of 4/22| * Draft of Informative brochure due Wed 4/24; expect feedback by 4/30| | Module 15Week of 4/29| * Final report due Tuesday 4/30| 4/27-5/1 AERA | Module 16Week of 5/6| * Final Informative brochure due Tuesday 5/7| Final grades available on 5/23|THE INSTRUCTOR HAS THE RIGHT TO MODIFY ANY SECTION OF THE SYLLABUS. EACH STUDENT IS RESPONSIBLE TO READ AND UNDERSTAND THE SYLLABUS. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. ADA is the abbreviation for the Americans with Disabilities Act. Please consult the SUNY Canton website at http://www. canton. edu/accommodative_services/ for more information.

World Civilizations

Ancient world civilizations date back from 3500-500 BC. Some of the early ancient include Egypt, the Roman Empire, the Baghvad Gita, Mesopotamia and Deities of Warriors to mention a few.. Research conducted by scholars indicate that civilizations did not begin in the west as most people believe. As a matter of fact ancient civilization began from the northern desert and the Mediterranean regions. Civilization was not an event but a process. It therefore did not happen spontaneously but took length of time. There are various ancient civilizations as already mentioned which include Egypt, Mesopotamia, Warriors and Deities in the Near East, India’s Beginnings, Ancient China among others. This paper focuses on each one of them analyzing how each was established. The history of ancient Egypt was characterized by fascination. Egypt is actually of the ancient establishments that may be said to have been rich in civilizations. Some of the memorable fascinations that characterize Egypt’s civilization included; the pyramids, the sphinx, Chariots of the Gods, writings wall paintings and a whole lot of works of art. These among others help us understand the style and way of life in ancient Egypt including their way of life. The geographical location of Egypt is north eastern of the African continent. It took slighting above 300 years. Civilization of ancient Egypt was also characterized of control of resources both human and natural. Other activities included irrigation, mining of minerals, trade and military ventures. Mesopotamia is also another ancient civilization whose geographical location is between two rivers known as Tigris and Euphrates. Mesopotamia is actually said to be the first world civilization among all other ancient civilizations. Some major activities that characterized ancient Mesopotamia included construction of levees to control destructive flooding. Irrigation using canals was also very common. History has it that the southern part of Mesopotamia came to be known as Sumer and thus the residents were known as Sumerians. The Sumerians had civilized systems of administration where they organized themselves in city states. Their place of worship was known as Ziggurat and only priests were allowed since it was a sacred place. Every city state had at lease one temple. Other characteristics of ancient Mesopotamia included was an ancient form of writing known as Cuneiform and Stylus which was instrument made from reed which they used to write. Young boys also attended a school known Edubba after which they graduated to scribes. Also classified among the ancient world civilizations is China whose history of establishment dates back to 15th century BC. The major characteristic of this ancient civilization is the writings which looked like turtle shells. However China is known to have experienced political instability. This may have been as a result of the various dynasties that constituted the whole Kingdom. Originally ancient China was made up of city states which later grew to dynasties. China administration was based on dynasties until recently. In the Near East the Major characteristic was warriors and Deities. The warriors were considered stronger active and more hardworking than other people. There were gods who facilitated the success of war. In conclusion every ancient civilization had some features which characterized its establishment. However, as noted all civilizations took quite a process. All civilizations have however changed and most of them are now modern.

Methods of Birth Assesstment

Damien Gatson Psy -225 Human sexuality Jimletta Vareena-Thomas August 05, 2012 Methods of Birth Assessment Childrearing is the one of the most crucial times in a mother’s and father’s life and is An journey into parenthood that finally turns into a journey of becoming an adult. The Child birthing practice allows us to decide on which birth methods we prefer, but some childbearing are not by choice. There are much that has been written about childbearing practices, whether it; the wrong way or the right way, which also chosen by different culture.Personally child bearing changes have changed and are unalike in different cultures. There are some differences that are quite intemperate and obvious whereas others are definitely more subtle, despite there are apparent differences, and there are similarities that are inherent when it comes to giving birth. The delivery of a baby is one of life’s most valuable moments, and the view of a new life. Labor can also be an unp leasant, painful, and can bring the feasibility of difficulty or problem for both mother and baby. The birthing of a baby is a process that requires intervention from a medical rofessional facility which help guide the mother through labor and delivery. That’s why they have different methods of birth assessment that is out there like vaginal birth and cesarean which are both done in the hospitals or birthing centers. It is very important to always be ready and make preparations, to prepare a birth plan before coming to the hospital and let the staff be aware of your preference of choices. Sometimes prior to your arrival there or a written birth method plan that might be pre-approved by your OB-GYN due to certain health issues, to ease he stress for the mother and her baby during labor. There is no guaranteed way to fore see the future or what the birthing will be like no matter which choice is selected. That is why it is important to think about all or questions on the list a nd things that are important to you in making any health care decision unless otherwise. Like natural birth for most upcoming mothers, a natural birth help increase The probability of a healthier and easier recovery, which can be caused by post-intervention. The positive part of natural child birth allows for the baby and the mother to experience a atural birth also help reduces the exposure to all the narcotics drugs, being hook up with IV lines, or headache and backache due to a possible side effect of epidurals that is given through labor. Also the pros with natural childbirth also lessen the likelihood of separating the mother from her child allows the mother and the infant to have a natural bond and being able to have immediate contact and have a successful breastfeeding bond after giving birth. The most important event that your partner can be involved in the process to help guide you with breathing exercises, and visualization.The cons of natural childbirth is experiencing th e Natural childbirth which is painful, and a scary experience which does not eliminate pain and allows the mothers to feel very connected with childbirth from the pushing that comes with the labor The only choices that the mothers have Is the choice of the different breathing techniques, certain meditation, and changing of their positions to help lighten the pain that they feel during delivering. Natural labor can lead to longer intense labor which most mothers have low toleration for pain and causes weakness through the process of pushing and affect both the other and the baby with complication situations and loss of blood. The other form of birth methods has some benefits of planning a C-section which knows the scheduled date ahead of time from your Ob-Gyn. Also for those mothers who look forward to this special day, but also being prepared, a having scheduling a Cesarean until instead of waiting to go into labor which can make childbirth seem much more can make child more easy. S ince there is no way to control the act of natural labor will happen to place before scheduled date. One of the main objectives is to preserve the vaginal.Which is common since once you give childbirth the body goes through changes? Like there are signs that one can experience when having a vaginal birth like feeling an unconfined leakage of urine even not able to control your bowel movements which result from vaginal birth. When having Contractions during labor there are signs which can cause severe distress, which many of us would choose to avoid if possible. Additionally, though the soreness after a Cesarean is far worse than the aching and soreness following a vaginal delivery because the incision has to heal and you’ll be sore.If the avoidance can be allowed this will enable a better child birth and on the other hand there may be times that other methods may be necessary. There may be certain times that a different birthing method may help prevent complications due to me dical reasons like a baby that is in a breech position or when a mother and a baby are having complications such as hypertension, diabetes, STD’s, herpes, and HIV. These methods can have severe difficulty and emotional although doctors agree to these methods they can have serious birthing complications due to medical and family history .They have tremendous complications and different emotional and physical effects and should be taken into consideration and should be consulted with a medical professional. Also C- sections are done in a life-saving surgical procedure that saves the lives of many babies and their mothers, doctors give their medical input on how women should give birth. The cons of cesarean is that many cesarean sections are unnecessary and how the average hospital charges are much greater for cesarean than vaginal birth, and may offer hospitals scope scope for rofit. Many cesarean sections are unnecessary hospital charges are much and how sections are unnecessa ry and how costly for cesarean than vaginal birth. Women who have cesarean need to stay in the hospital for more days to make sure the mothers are healing correctly and to be able to get to their normal route and also a cesarean can take longer to feel back to themselves. There are increased risks of breathing problems for the baby that have been shown through the process of labor and vaginal deliveries and that it helps babies' lungs evelop so that as soon as they are born, they can breathe on their own. Without going through labor, babies after planned C- sections are more likely to suffer from respiratory distress syndrome or other breathing complications. Premature babies are also more likely to have breathing problems due to incompletely developed lungs. One way to reduce the chances of this is to be sure to schedule the C-section for no earlier than 39 weeks of pregnancy. There are always certain risks in some pregnancies. If a woman plans to have more than one child, it is mp ortant to know that having a C-section for the first baby most likely guarantees that the rest of the children will be delivered by C-section. After each operation, the body forms scar tissue or adhesions during the healing process. This makes each subsequent surgery that much more difficult and more risky. Therefore, C-sections by choice are not the ideal solution for every woman. Reference http://www. livestrong. com/article/12132-cesarean-section-choice-pros-cons/#ixzz22j4e6kPf http://www. ehow. com/about_6632752_child-rearing-practices. html#ixzz22iip5Vts Methods of Birth Assesstment Damien Gatson Psy -225 Human sexuality Jimletta Vareena-Thomas August 05, 2012 Methods of Birth Assessment Childrearing is the one of the most crucial times in a mother’s and father’s life and is An journey into parenthood that finally turns into a journey of becoming an adult. The Child birthing practice allows us to decide on which birth methods we prefer, but some childbearing are not by choice. There are much that has been written about childbearing practices, whether it; the wrong way or the right way, which also chosen by different culture.Personally child bearing changes have changed and are unalike in different cultures. There are some differences that are quite intemperate and obvious whereas others are definitely more subtle, despite there are apparent differences, and there are similarities that are inherent when it comes to giving birth. The delivery of a baby is one of life’s most valuable moments, and the view of a new life. Labor can also be an unp leasant, painful, and can bring the feasibility of difficulty or problem for both mother and baby. The birthing of a baby is a process that requires intervention from a medical rofessional facility which help guide the mother through labor and delivery. That’s why they have different methods of birth assessment that is out there like vaginal birth and cesarean which are both done in the hospitals or birthing centers. It is very important to always be ready and make preparations, to prepare a birth plan before coming to the hospital and let the staff be aware of your preference of choices. Sometimes prior to your arrival there or a written birth method plan that might be pre-approved by your OB-GYN due to certain health issues, to ease he stress for the mother and her baby during labor. There is no guaranteed way to fore see the future or what the birthing will be like no matter which choice is selected. That is why it is important to think about all or questions on the list a nd things that are important to you in making any health care decision unless otherwise. Like natural birth for most upcoming mothers, a natural birth help increase The probability of a healthier and easier recovery, which can be caused by post-intervention. The positive part of natural child birth allows for the baby and the mother to experience a atural birth also help reduces the exposure to all the narcotics drugs, being hook up with IV lines, or headache and backache due to a possible side effect of epidurals that is given through labor. Also the pros with natural childbirth also lessen the likelihood of separating the mother from her child allows the mother and the infant to have a natural bond and being able to have immediate contact and have a successful breastfeeding bond after giving birth. The most important event that your partner can be involved in the process to help guide you with breathing exercises, and visualization.The cons of natural childbirth is experiencing th e Natural childbirth which is painful, and a scary experience which does not eliminate pain and allows the mothers to feel very connected with childbirth from the pushing that comes with the labor The only choices that the mothers have Is the choice of the different breathing techniques, certain meditation, and changing of their positions to help lighten the pain that they feel during delivering. Natural labor can lead to longer intense labor which most mothers have low toleration for pain and causes weakness through the process of pushing and affect both the other and the baby with complication situations and loss of blood. The other form of birth methods has some benefits of planning a C-section which knows the scheduled date ahead of time from your Ob-Gyn. Also for those mothers who look forward to this special day, but also being prepared, a having scheduling a Cesarean until instead of waiting to go into labor which can make childbirth seem much more can make child more easy. S ince there is no way to control the act of natural labor will happen to place before scheduled date. One of the main objectives is to preserve the vaginal.Which is common since once you give childbirth the body goes through changes? Like there are signs that one can experience when having a vaginal birth like feeling an unconfined leakage of urine even not able to control your bowel movements which result from vaginal birth. When having Contractions during labor there are signs which can cause severe distress, which many of us would choose to avoid if possible. Additionally, though the soreness after a Cesarean is far worse than the aching and soreness following a vaginal delivery because the incision has to heal and you’ll be sore.If the avoidance can be allowed this will enable a better child birth and on the other hand there may be times that other methods may be necessary. There may be certain times that a different birthing method may help prevent complications due to me dical reasons like a baby that is in a breech position or when a mother and a baby are having complications such as hypertension, diabetes, STD’s, herpes, and HIV. These methods can have severe difficulty and emotional although doctors agree to these methods they can have serious birthing complications due to medical and family history .They have tremendous complications and different emotional and physical effects and should be taken into consideration and should be consulted with a medical professional. Also C- sections are done in a life-saving surgical procedure that saves the lives of many babies and their mothers, doctors give their medical input on how women should give birth. The cons of cesarean is that many cesarean sections are unnecessary and how the average hospital charges are much greater for cesarean than vaginal birth, and may offer hospitals scope scope for rofit. Many cesarean sections are unnecessary hospital charges are much and how sections are unnecessa ry and how costly for cesarean than vaginal birth. Women who have cesarean need to stay in the hospital for more days to make sure the mothers are healing correctly and to be able to get to their normal route and also a cesarean can take longer to feel back to themselves. There are increased risks of breathing problems for the baby that have been shown through the process of labor and vaginal deliveries and that it helps babies' lungs evelop so that as soon as they are born, they can breathe on their own. Without going through labor, babies after planned C- sections are more likely to suffer from respiratory distress syndrome or other breathing complications. Premature babies are also more likely to have breathing problems due to incompletely developed lungs. One way to reduce the chances of this is to be sure to schedule the C-section for no earlier than 39 weeks of pregnancy. There are always certain risks in some pregnancies. If a woman plans to have more than one child, it is mp ortant to know that having a C-section for the first baby most likely guarantees that the rest of the children will be delivered by C-section. After each operation, the body forms scar tissue or adhesions during the healing process. This makes each subsequent surgery that much more difficult and more risky. Therefore, C-sections by choice are not the ideal solution for every woman. Reference http://www. livestrong. com/article/12132-cesarean-section-choice-pros-cons/#ixzz22j4e6kPf http://www. ehow. com/about_6632752_child-rearing-practices. html#ixzz22iip5Vts

Social Phobia or Social Anxiety Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social Phobia or Social Anxiety - Research Paper Example According to researchers people suffering from social phobia do have some family history or medical history or any incident that has caused social anxiety and social phobia to be inherent in them. One of the studies clearly shows a survey done on patients who had symptoms of social anxiety according to the results; social phobia patients have somatic symptoms, e.g. weakness in limbs, difficulty in breathing in public dizziness and faintness, etc. These symptoms showed that they already had some biological/physical weakness which was avoided by parents, but has caused strong social anxiety to them. Â  Social phobia patients were also studied in a way of conduct; how they have been conducted or treated in the family. Adolescents were asked about their relationship with their parents. Many of the patients said that they had a strict and a male dominant family; their fathers had a central role and were of the authoritarian nature, and they had an unsatisfactory relationship with their p arents, especially fathers. Â  Also, the study included patients having social phobia who had someone in their family already suffering from it, which showed that it is sometimes inherited, but not true in every case. Thus, we can conclude from the study that social phobia usually starts from mid-teenage and adolescents who are shy and are afraid of socializing are particularly at risk of developing social phobia later in their personality. Children having clingy behavior, crying, aggressiveness and excessive timidity point towards temperament that can possibly put a person at risk of developing social phobia. Some people, having social phobia, point the development of the condition to be ill-treated or socially embarrassed or humiliated. An example of it is students being bullied at school in early ages. Family environment was also a major issue discussed in the development of social phobia. Generally, anxiety disorders run in the family and certain disorders may come from a famil y history of having anxiety disorders or lean attitude or maybe, behavior from family members (Amies, Geldrand and Shaw 1983).

Should Red Bull keep on investing in the Formula 1 Championship for Essay

Should Red Bull keep on investing in the Formula 1 Championship for next year - Essay Example The increasing trend of marketing through sponsorships of events is visible to everyone. Around 15 years ago less than 25 percent of events had some sort of corporate support and involvement but today this percentage has increased to 80 percent (McDowell, 1999). These events are an easy way through which an organization can communicate their messages to the customers. Red Bull is a soft drink company that is using sponsorships as a way to market its soft drink. Red Bull sponsors Formula 1 racing events all over the world. They also have many sports teams that take part in sporting events. Red Bull Racing is a Formula 1 racing team that is owned by Red Bull. The company also owns another racing team in Formula 1 known as Scuderia Toro Rosso (Formula 1.com, 2008). The company also sponsors other extreme sport like snowboarding and wakeboarding. The marketing technique of Red Bull is well known and it is known to work for the company. Associating the brand with extreme sports also commu nicates a brand image of the product to the consumers. This is one great advantage of sponsorships of events. Sponsorships of events actually communicate with consumers in a better way than conventional marketing (Meenaghan, 1991). Therefore the efficacy of marketing through sponsorships of events is well established.... It is vital to find the efficacy of this marketing technique in times of financial crisis. This is the main problem that we will attempt to solve. The topic of this research proposal is that whether Red Bull should continue to invest in Formula 1 championships or not in the next year that is 2012. This investment includes the sponsorships of the event and the racing teams of the company. This research proposal will identify the process in which the answer to the above question will be obtained. Aims and objective of the research alongside with a comprehensive literature review on the subject of marketing through sponsorship will be presented. Research methodology will also be discussed in the proposal. Aims and Objective Research Topic The Marketing of Red Bull through sponsorships of sports events like Formula 1 Business Question Should Red Bull continue to invest in Formula 1 championship in the next year? Aim The aim is to help Red Bull make a decision about its marketing techniqu es in the wake of the financial crisis the world is facing today. Objectives 1) To understand what marketing through sponsorships of event it and its importance 2) To seek the economic worth of sponsorship marketing 3) To evaluate the benefit of sponsorships for Red Bull 4) To gain insight on the effect of Formula 1 Championship on brand awareness of Red Bull by collecting responses from customers Literature Review Marketing through Sponsorships Different marketing techniques have been developed over the years and all of them aim at better communication with the target audience. Sponsorship is a way through which a product can be marketed to the customers. Research has suggested that sponsorships do help a product achieve competitive advantage over

Technology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Technology - Research Paper Example New technology comes in a standard language of interaction and communication as a result calling for the persons interacting with the technology to learn new languages. The case in point is using mobile handsets, which come in few main languages hence even old users have to learn one main language to fit in (Rashed 2). Massive investments in technology could have far-reaching economic changes in the society. These economic adjustments comes in the form of change in lifestyle, expenditure, access to cheap and high-quality products that shall transform lives of local people positively. An example is if a community that grows avocados and ripens them for food gets an investor who shall put up an avocado processing factory that produces cooking oil, body and skin oils, the community shall derive many benefits from this technological investment. First, the expected price of both cooking and body oils is expected to fall once production starts. In addition, the factory shall trigger sprouting of businesses around to cater for the needs of its working class as a means of access to essential commodities (Rashed 4). New technology comes along with an improvement in the means of communication more especially infrastructure development. This results from the expected increase in activities arising from the investment in new technology. Improved infrastructure will aid transport of a vast number of processed items to the markets and movement of technical engineers and employees to the processing centers (Ibrahim 3). Most investments in new technology have led to improved processing capacity as a result leading to the creation of more job opportunities both in technical departments and at the processing centers. This has been the case in many manufacturing companies, which invest in technology to increase processing capacity and consequently lead to creation of more jobs in the factory and indirect jobs for salespeople and

In Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House, Ibsen explores as to why Nora, the Research Paper

In Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House, Ibsen explores as to why Nora, the main character and protagonist, lacks such values and str - Research Paper Example Through the ‘ideology of separate spheres’, women became trapped within the domestic sphere, thus isolating them from the world and holding them back from forming complete identities. The reference used by Ibsen for the title, suggests the false and constructed reality of the domestic sphere as it limits women from reaching their potential In Henrik Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll House† Ibsen explores as to why Nora, the main character and protagonist, lacks such values and struggles to find her own authentic identity in the face of a tyrannical male domineering society. During the 19th century a specific ideology in Victorian England emerged that defined the spaces in which the genders were assigned. Women were confined to the dominion of their husband within the domestic sphere, their lives to be lived within the space of home and social experience. Males were in dominion of the public sphere, their lives expanded to include business and politics with women not all owed, by law, to participate in their lives, which included their economic status where financial and real estate was concerned. There is some debate about the representation of separate spheres within literature. ... Some of this might be observed with â€Å"A Doll’s House†, although not outside of a believable relationship between a man and a woman, there is a distinct point made about the nature of male oppression. As Helmer uses diminutive language towards his wife, he sets the nature of their relationship through treating his wife like a child, a ‘doll’ that is coddled and protected into an unrealistic framework in which he dominates all important aspects of their life together. Helmer says to her â€Å"The same little feather head† and â€Å"Hasn’t Miss Sweet-Tooth been breaking rules in town today?† (Ibsen 12, 14). In regard to her spending habits he says â€Å"It’s a sweet little spendthrift, but she uses up a deal of money† (Ibsen 14). He treats her like a child, speaking to her in a manner that is condescending and without any sort of recognition of her adult place within the marriage. Nora is not a complete person to him, but someone who has no sense and must be considered without any regard to the concept of her opinion. He determines what is important within the household and when he fails to see some of the aspects of domestic life that must be attended, she must find ways to manipulate their relationship in order to accomplish what must be done. Her choices are limited because she is not considered to have a valuable place within their household, other than that which he has determined she is qualified to hold. When Helmer addresses her by saying â€Å"Hasn’t Miss Sweet-Tooth been breaking rules in town today†, he is chastising her like she is a naughty child, ‘teasing; her with the idea that she is not in control of her desires and impulses (Ibsen 14). He further diminishes her when he speaks to her without a direct application of her name, the

Fed Undertakes QE3 with $40 Billion Monthly Mortgage Backed Securities Assignment

Fed Undertakes QE3 with $40 Billion Monthly Mortgage Backed Securities Purchase - Assignment Example My understanding is that the essay seeks to address the purchase of mortgage securities by the Fed; therefore the reason behind this purchase should come out before how the purchase was undertaken. The economic meltdown should first be explained, followed by the initial two quantitative easing programs and finally the QE3. The effects of the QE3 should then be addressed thereafter. The reasons behind the failure of the previous two QEs should also be stated so that the factors that led to the undertaking of the QE3 can be clearly illustrated. The essay should be a roadmap leading the reader to an inevitable conclusion, not properly ordering your ideas could obscure the meaning of the essay. After reading the essay, one can clearly see the efforts of the Fed in jump starting the economy after the economic downturn and that these efforts seem to be finally working. The paper however leaves one with the question of whether the Fed’s undertaking will work in the long run. Although the program has proved to be fruitful since its announcement, the QE3’s limitations and misgivings should also be included in the essay. In this aspect, the paper does not seem to be complete, as the aftermath of the program, both in the short term and long term, is an area that could be expanded upon. Although the essay is persuasive as it is detailed, the source of the information is not given, which brings about doubt as to the accuracy of this information due to the lack of evidence. The works cited during the writing of the paper should be stated at the end of the

The case of Chinese food retailers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

The case of Chinese food retailers - Essay Example Analyzing the Characteristics and Trend of the Chinese Food Sector The dairy products comprise milk powder, condensed milk, butter, cheese and casein. Moreover, there is liquid milk consists of long life milk, yogurt, pasteurized milk and ultra-high-temperature (UHT) (Chen, 2004). There are diverse types of milk that are traded in the Chinese market include like milk and sheep milk. The Chinese dairy industry has experience rapid development and has got various achievements lately. Some of the notable developments include construction of milk plants and enhanced technical equipments. The achievements include increased output of milk products, consumer markets, production scale and product quality (Chen, 2004). According to Li (2002), the sales volumes of dairy product in the Chinese market have increased steadily since 1998 with an annual growth rate of 32.42 percent annually. The output from the dairy in 1998 was 11,800 million Yuan and this has risen from 47.8 billion Yuan in 2003. The dairy sector plays a great role in the national economy with the gross total output from the sector being at 50.9 billion Yuan and this had increased from 42.2 percent in 2002 (Chen, 2004). The assets in the industry have being increasing continuously with the total assets in the industry raising from 43.7 billion Yuan in 2003 from a value of 14.9 billion Yuan five years previously. This translates to an annual mean growth rate of 24.54 percent. Dairy sector continues to be a major employer industry with a total number of 157761 employees in 2003 which was an increase of 36.05 percent from the number in 2002. According to Cao (2002), the enterprises in the dairy industry showed a negative growth between 1999 and 2000, there have being relative growth (Tian, et al., 2004). The number of enterprises that experienced losses within the dairy industry in 2003 was 154 firms which accounted for 27.45 percent of total enterprises in the industry. This is a demonstration that dairy indu stry in China is at developing stage and new firms are getting into the industry. In addition, increased losses are an indicator that competition in the industry is getting stiff (Geng and Zi, 2002). To reduce losses and to gain competitive advantage; enterprises are adopting mergers and acquisitions to make the scale of the enterprises larger. Compared to other industries in the food industry in China, the dairy industry is one of the fastest growing sectors. This is indicated by the fact that the total output from the industry compared to the total output in the food industry was 1.61 back in 1997 but this had doubled in 2001. Moreover, the number of employees in the dairy industry is increasing rapidly with the industry accounting for 2.34 percent of the total employees in the food sector which was a 100 percent from the 1997 value (Tian et al., 2004). Chinese dairy enterprises are mainly of three kinds; that is, large nationwide brand, regional brands and local brands. National enterprises devote their efforts in creating national brands and compete with regional brands. The enterprises are either domestically owned or foreign based investments. The distribution of dairy products is divided into various sectors although this is determined by the source of milk. However, it generally starts with the milk stations which are located in streets in residential areas and households can purchase milk (Wu, 2004). The stations enhance the ability of consumers to assess the

Civil Wars and Peace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Civil Wars and Peace - Essay Example In previous years, the most important focus on war was on interstate wars. Nevertheless, in the last two decades, there has been a heave in civil wars around the world. This perturbing trend of citizens rising against their governments needs strict analysis. In this essay, focus will be shed on civil war: the causes, effects, and actions taken to cultivate peace. In most cases, war leads to peace. It has often been said that there cannot be peace without war. Accordingly, this essay will also seek to establish the relationship between war and peace. Causes of civil war Political analysts and theorists of international relations have come up with several theories to explain the occurrence of civil wars. These reasons may vary from one country to another, but fundamentally, economic, political and cultural reasons are the main reasons for civil wars. Distribution of economic resources Most countries that have experienced civil wars can attest to the fact that disproportionate distribut ion of national resources was one of the factors that led to outbreak of war. When citizens start feeling like they are getting less than they deserve, they riot against the government. A case in point is the Sudanese civil war that lasted over twenty years. Sudan began exporting oil in 1999 and promised that proceeds from oil sales would be distributed equally in the country. However, when the government failed to distribute the wealth to the south, South Sudanese rebels started attacking North Sudan claiming their fair share of oil wealth. The two sides fought over the monopoly of oil profits as each wanted to control the sale of oil. South Sudan accused north Sudan of benefitting from the sale of oil that actually lay in South Sudan. In another case, the long standing civil war in Congo was primarily caused by the vast natural resources found in the country. The availability of minerals such as gold and copper led to conflicts. President Mobutu used the minerals to enrich himself and ensure that he stayed in power (Karl & Heo, 2007). This selfishness angered the citizens and opposition leaders who formed rebel groups to oust Mobutu from office. Political ideologies Differences in political ideologies have often led to civil wars within and among states. According to Levy and Thompson (2011), the type of political ideology that governs a country determines the stability of that particular country. In democratic regimes, citizens enjoy their human and constitutional rights, thus determining the way the state is run. In dictatorial systems, on the other hand, citizens are usually oppressed and do not have a say on how they are governed. Autocratic governments, oppressive as they may be, may not often experience civil wars since the people are afraid of the government. Semi-democratic regimes are more probable to be affected by civil wars. This is because citizens are aware of their rights and are able to petition the government to grant them their rights. In r ecent times, however, occurrences have proved that citizens can stand up against tyrants. The Arab uprising is one perfect example of how willing citizens can dislodge dictators from power. The Arab spring of 2011 started with the ousting of Tunisia’